An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Often, films that receive less than 50% of their budget from major studio are also considered "independent". According to MPAA data, January through March 2005 showed approximately 15% of US domestic box office revenue was from independent or indie studios.
An independent film production can rival a mainstream film production if it has the necessary funding and distribution, like in the case of Paranormal Activity.
Case study: WARP FILMS
Origins: Based in the UK; started life as a record store.
Films include: Rubber Johnny, Dead Man's Shoes, This Is England, Donkey Punch, A Complete History of My Sexual Failures, Four Lions.
Warp Films has developed and has several projects currently in the works for the BBC, Channel 4 and Film4 (including one of their most popular creations, This Is England which has a sequel released due for release later this year).
One of the company's most recent productions, Tyrannosaur, received a grant of £206,540 from the National Lottery fund through the UK Film Council. The remainder of the film's budget was came from Warp X (part of the Warp Films company, typically funding films with budgets of £400,000 and £800,000), Inflammable Films, Film4, Screen Yorkshire, EM Media and Optimum Releasing (StudioCanal).
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